Vocal Breathing & Support

Master the foundation of great singing with these practical breathing techniques

Diaphragmatic Breathing: The Foundation

Diaphragmatic breathing (also called "belly breathing") is the most efficient way to breathe for singing. It provides better air control, support, and vocal tone.

How to Practice Diaphragmatic Breathing

1
Find Your Diaphragm

Place one hand on your upper chest and the other on your abdomen, just above your belly button. Your diaphragm is located between these two points.

2
Relax Your Body

Sit or stand with good posture. Relax your shoulders, neck, and jaw. Release any tension in your upper body.

3
Inhale Deeply Through Your Nose

As you inhale, focus on expanding your abdomen rather than lifting your chest. The hand on your belly should move outward while the hand on your chest remains relatively still.

4
Exhale Slowly Through Your Mouth

As you exhale, gently contract your abdominal muscles. Imagine you're blowing out a candle steadily from a distance.

INHALE

Abdomen expands outward

EXHALE

Abdomen gently contracts

Practice Tip: Try lying on your back with a book on your abdomen. Watch the book rise as you inhale and lower as you exhale. This visual feedback helps train proper diaphragmatic breathing.

Inhalation: Expand Ribs and Abdomen

Proper inhalation creates the "air reservoir" needed for sustained singing. The goal is a full, efficient breath without tension.

How to Master Proper Inhalation

1
Prepare Your Posture

Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, knees slightly bent. Imagine a string pulling the crown of your head upward, elongating your spine.

2
Initiate the Breath Low

Begin the inhalation by allowing your abdomen to expand forward. Then feel your lower ribs expand outward to the sides and back.

3
Complete the Expansion

Finally, allow your upper chest to gently rise without lifting your shoulders. The entire torso should feel expanded like a barrel.

4
Check for Tension

Scan your body for any tension in the neck, shoulders, or jaw. Release any tight areas while maintaining the expanded position.

Rib Expansion Exercise

Place your hands on your lower ribs with thumbs toward your back. As you inhale, focus on pushing your hands apart with your expanding ribs.

Hissing Breath Exercise

Take a full breath, then exhale on a steady "ssss" sound. Try to maintain consistent air pressure for 15-20 seconds.

Surprise Breath Exercise

Quickly inhale as if surprised (mouth open, silent), then slowly exhale. This helps engage the diaphragm quickly.

Avoid: Shoulder lifting, noisy gasping breaths, or collapsing the chest. These create tension and reduce breathing efficiency.

Maintain Expansion During Phrases

The key to supported singing is maintaining the expanded position while gradually releasing air, rather than collapsing as you sing.

How to Maintain Support While Singing

1
Establish the Sensation

Take a full breath and feel the expansion in your abdomen and ribs. This is your "set position" for singing.

2
Engage Support Muscles

As you begin to sing, gently engage your abdominal and intercostal muscles to resist the natural collapse of your torso.

3
Control the Release

Imagine your torso as a balloon with a small, controlled leak. The air escapes slowly while the balloon maintains its shape.

4
Monitor for Collapse

Check periodically that your ribs haven't collapsed and your abdomen hasn't drawn in too quickly. Reset with a quick breath if needed.

Visualization Technique: Imagine you're wearing a corset that provides gentle, even pressure around your torso. This helps maintain expansion without creating tension.

Maintenance Practice Exercise

Sustained Note Practice: Take a full breath and sing a comfortable pitch on "ah." Focus on maintaining rib expansion for the entire phrase. Start with 8-10 seconds and gradually increase duration.

Phrase Extension: Sing a simple 5-note scale on one breath. Notice if you collapse at the top or bottom of the phrase. Practice maintaining expansion throughout.

Control Air Release Gradually

Mastering controlled exhalation allows you to sing longer phrases, maintain consistent tone, and execute dynamic variations.

How to Develop Controlled Exhalation

1
Engage the Support System

Before exhaling, establish gentle tension in your abdominal muscles as if preparing for a gentle cough or laugh.

2
Initiate with Consistency

Begin the exhalation with steady, even pressure. Avoid a sudden burst of air at the beginning of the phrase.

3
Modulate Airflow

Learn to adjust air pressure for different vocal demands: more pressure for louder/higher notes, less for softer/lower notes.

4
Complete the Phrase Efficiently

As you near the end of your air supply, maintain support rather than collapsing. Plan breaths to avoid "running out" of air mid-phrase.

Candle Flame Exercise

Place a candle about 12 inches from your face. Take a breath and exhale steadily, making the flame flicker without blowing it out.

Straw Phonation

Hum through a drinking straw while maintaining consistent airflow. This creates back pressure that trains breath control.

Dynamic Sirens

Glide from your lowest to highest note on "oo" while maintaining consistent air pressure throughout the range.

Advanced Technique: Practice "breath pulsing" - gently pulsing your abdominal muscles during sustained notes to create vibrato naturally rather than forcing it from the throat.

Daily Breathing Practice Routine

Consistent practice is essential for developing muscle memory and making proper breathing automatic.

5-Minute Daily Breathing Workout

1
Awareness (1 minute)

Lie on your back with knees bent. Place one hand on your chest, one on your abdomen. Breathe naturally and observe the movement.

2
Diaphragmatic Activation (1 minute)

Focus on expanding your abdomen with each inhalation while keeping your chest relatively still.

3
Rib Expansion (1 minute)

Place hands on your lower ribs. Inhale and focus on expanding your ribs sideways against your hands.

4
Controlled Exhalation (1 minute)

Inhale for 4 counts, then exhale steadily for 8 counts. Gradually increase the exhalation duration.

5
Integration (1 minute)

Apply the breathing technique to a simple vocal exercise like humming or lip trills.

Important: If you feel lightheaded during breathing exercises, stop and breathe normally. This can happen when you're not used to deep breathing.